Maf air flow rate I apreciate that ambient temperatures play a role so I've been trying to log with consistent air temps. View The Mass Air Flow reading on a none turbo at operating temperature: The reading in grams/ second should be close to engine size Home. Can environmental factors affect EMAF? Yes, factors such as altitude, temperature, and In fact, fuel flow is usually volumetric (L/hr) and not mass flow like the reading from the MAF so you would have to correct for that. In systems with EGR valve and VGT position as system inputs, two outputs are required, one for EGR valve control and the other for VGT vane position control, to ensure that the correct EGR and air flows are maintained. Driving your Sedona with a bad MAF sensor can damage the engine, so you must act urgently to avoid more expensive repairs. The MAF g/sec ratio is only applicable while idling at operating temperature. The actual sensor (MAF sensor) produces a value in Volts (0-5volts). 5lb/min @ 6400rpm Related Post: 3, 4, & 5 Wire Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor Wiring Diagram. The Basics Of Testing A Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor; The Basics Of Testing A Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor. Get contact details & address of companies manufacturing and supplying Air Flow Sensors, Mass Air Flow Sensor, MAF Sensor across India. During diagnosis, I want to determine if the mass air flow sensor(s) [MAF(s)] is/are healthy. 25378 posts · Joined 2008 Add to quote; Only show this user #10 But not knowing the air flow should not prevent MAF testing. . The Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor is located between the throttle body and the air cleaner, where it measures the mass flow rate of air entering the engine. 0-liter engine might show an MAF reading of around 3 grams per second (g/s) at idle. A bad MAF sensor can lead to A rule of thumb on a MAF’s air flow rate at 500 rpm is one gram per second per liter of engine displacement. 2/14. However, a general rule of thumb is that the MAF readings should roughly correlate with the engine’s displacement. During diagnosis mass air flow sensor codes are usually an indication of another underlying problem. Driving your Ridgeline with a bad MAF sensor can damage the engine, so you must act urgently to avoid more expensive repairs. The resulting system achieves sensitivity of 3mv/% mass flow at idle flow rates (2-5 gm/sec) with an accuracy of 2% over a flow range of 2gm/sec - 100 gm/sec and intake temperature range. Driving with a faulty Mass Air Flow (MAF) sensor is not recommended. 68805695 9. The MAF output frequency is a function of the power required to keep the air flow sensing elements (hot wires) at a fixed temperature above the ambient temperature. The total mass of air which flows through the engine (as measured by the MAF sensor or calculated using MAP, RPM and IAT) is divided by the A/F ratio (e. It is installed between the air filter and the The current required to maintain the temperature of the hot wire is proportional to the air flow. Lets see how Supercharged rates compare with Turbo rates at idle Does anybody think they will be different? Anybody with NA setup, lets compare that also. 2 grams of air per sec the PCM will fire the injectors to allow 4. I was unlucky with that too (not supported). Air changes its density with temperature and pressure. MAF Transfer Curves Posted: 2013-10-31 Last Updated: 2024-06-11 MAF Flow Transfer Select your MAF in the following drop down menu. 89-11 g/s I'll have to test my MAF again with the engine hot. It’s one of the critical components in your engine’s management system that is often nestled between the intake manifold and the air filter. In this article, we’ll discuss how mass air flow sensors work, how much they cost to replace, and how you can tell when it’s failing. Nissan Xterra – (GaroManjikian / Shutterstock) An engine requires the mass air flow (MAF) sensor to work efficiently. Mass Air Flow Sensor With Dust Cleaner. The reason for this is that MAF calibration ensures that the sensor readings accurately reflect the actual airflow rate. When the ambient air passes through the air cleaner, the dust filter cleans the air, followed by the air temperature sensor, which measures the temperature of the air, and at last, the ambient air hits the tungsten wire. The calculated air flow is based on engine speed and barometric pressure. 5 15. F. Measure air flow rate = VE x Engine Speed x Displacement ( x unit conversions ) So bottom line, knowing volumetric efficiency at a known point of engine operation would enable one to look at the measured value and tell if the MAF is reading what it should. 3-liter engine may have a MAF reading of around 5. incl. Driving your XC90 with a bad MAF sensor can damage the engine, so you must act urgently to avoid more expensive repairs. csv. The greater the air flow the greater the time period. The signal's time period is proportional to the flow rate crossing the sensor. It can affect fuel delivery, transmission shifting and more. To start with, you will need to find the MAF sensor that is usually located between the air filter and the engine’s throttle body. 286 grans of fuel per second to flow. Here are some helpful tips such as how and when to replace them and steps to extend their longevity. Specifically I have the "Delphi Mass Air Flow Sensor" Part # AF10043 A mass air flow (MAF) sensor converts the amount of air into a voltage signal. 5 g/s 3000 RPM: 32-40 kg/h = 8. Then i came across two sources on the internet where it was stated that we can use Mnifold absolute pressure (MAP) to somehow derive mass air flow (MAF). The mass air flow sensor is part of the engine’s intake system and is located between the air The car on which i was testing didn't support the pid 015E which is for fuel flow rate. Does anyone knows the formula for calculating the mass air flow in gr/sec a M. 7 grams of air to 1 gram of fuel. by injector flow rate, I'm assuming you're looking at all injectors combined, not just one injector. This and idle adaptations high on the plus side is consistent with air leaks. £ 78,48. 44 Absolute Throttle Position(%)81. This article describes the bad MAF sensor symptoms, causes, and how to reset the mass air flow sensor. 803750038 0. Add to basket. It looks like this reading is 9. 4. Air mass readings high above 20 Kg/h, which I noticed from time to time, can’t have anything to do with vacuum leaks IMO. 8671875 15. Volvo Forum + Help for Owners. 8671875 0. Messages. For instance, a 3. Honda Ridgeline – (Zoran Karapancev / Shutterstock) The most common signs of bad mass air flow sensor (MAF) in Hummer H2 are loss of power or slow acceleration, engine hesitation or jerking during acceleration, erratic idling, misfires, poor exhaust emission values and sometimes black smoke comes out of the tailpipe. g. The air mass information is necessary for the engine control unit (ECU) to balance and deliver the correct fuel mass to the engine. It is crucial that the MAF sensor reports with 100% accuracy to ensure peak performance, fuel economy and reduced emissions. MAF sensors are one of the most common “Shotgun” parts that technicians swap. 28548 posts · Joined 2009 Add to quote; Only show this user #9 Air flow measurement is a HUGE input on Mass Airflow sensor (MAF) equipped vehicles. So if MAF sees 4. TE Connectivity (TE) or Chat. Kia Sedona – (Ovu0ng / Shutterstock) The MAF sensor isn’t fussy about which way the air is flowing, and when a reversion pulse comes back out through the MAF sensor, this air movement is still measured. 2 OBD requirements to which vehicle is designedEOBD Location of oxygen sensorsS1B1---S2B----Power Take Off(PTO) StatusOFF Time Since Engine Start(sec)776 Distance Travelled While MIL is Activated(Km)0 Fuel Rail Pressure(kPa)63270 Maf sensor EGR flow rate or intake air flow rate are two such options. bluebee. Once we have MAF integrated over time, we can calculate fuel flow using a specific air/fuel mixing ratio (A/F). The MAF curve listed is based on either published data or flow bench data and is displayed in lbs/min flow for direct copying and pasting in to TunerPro. MIJ. MAF and lambda information is used by the ECU to check and adjust fuelling. The power dissipated by the heated thermistor was recorded for various flow rates of air. One common system output is the intake manifold pressure. Please rate this product. The Best Volvo Advice on the Web. Shopping. usually the MAF v shoudl be around 1 volt(min. Driving your Xterra with a bad MAF sensor can damage the engine, so you must act urgently to avoid more expensive repairs. Hot-Wire Mass Air Flow Sensor. See the MAF write up for specifics and wiring diagrams. In conjunction with the air temperature sensor, the When it comes to maintaining your car’s engine performance, understanding your MAF sensor (aka ‘mass air flow’ or ‘mass airflow’) reading is vital to determine the volume and density of air entering the engine. HELLA Mass air flow sensor, Maf sensor OE Part Number. niblettes Discussion starter. This type What is a Normal Mass Airflow Sensor Reading? A normal mass air flow sensor reading will vary between 2 to 7 grams/second and between 15 to 25 grams/s at 2500rpm. However, the reading may vary A mass (air) flow sensor (MAF) is a sensor used to determine the mass flow rate of air entering a fuel-injected internal combustion engine. The MAF sensor has a battery feed, ground, and a signal circuit. air flow) at idle and around 4. The VCM uses the MAP sensor in order to determine the barometric pressure when the ignition key is turned ON but before the engine is cranking or running. Maintaining Your Mass Air Flow Sensor. I had to get my 98 RR's emissions tested in order to register the vehicle this year. 59. sensor should report in normal operation? I know we need Engine Capacity (CC 3), Engine Speed (RPM), Intake Absolute Pressure (mbar), Air Temperature (Celcius). delivery costs. 8 shows the power dissipated versus mass flow rate of air for ambient temperatures between − 40 (and)46 (°F. A lower value of course could be due to false air or vacuum leak, a higher value could indicate a dirty MAF or air-box air flow issues or even wrong parts in both cases. Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor (100+ products available) View by: List | Grid. The MAF sensor used on this engine is a hot wire type. Home; Problems & Fixes. It's usually represented by the symbol Q Q Q (sometimes V ˙ \dot{V} V ˙ A mass air flow (MAF) sensor converts the amount of air into a voltage signal. The MAF sensor measures air density. The design is for an orifice type flow sensor, the orifice (in our case a washer) provides a restriction and we can calculate the flow by measuring the pressure difference across the orifice. The information from the MAF sensor is used by the engine control module (ECM) to adjust the fuel injection and ignition timing to maintain optimal engine performance and fuel efficiency. 5L, particularly Ford for whatever reason) are sometimes a 2:1, MAF Flow Rate and MAF Flow Rate lb per minute. 7) to derive the total mass of fuel that has been burned. Check The mass air flow sensor or MAF sensor is part of the intake system in Nissan Xterra responsible for measuring the amount of air entering the engine. This system has the following advantages compared to the hot-wire MAF sensor: Diagnosis of a Mass Air Flow sensor. 8L turbo at idle, the engine should flow about 3. To select the CTA option, install jumpers on both the “CTA” connector (J2) and across pins 1 and 2 (CTA positionon the left) on Air leaks will affect MAF air mass readings in a negative direction (at idle only). 42g/s. The Vane Air Flow sensor is based on the equation for orifice flow, where the kinetic FCR = fuel consumption rate (km/l), AFR = air/flow ratio, MAF = mass air flow (g/s) = speed of vehicle km/h , Energy = energy efficiency (km/MJ), CO 2 = carbon dioxide emission g/km , ρ = density The mass air flow sensor or MAF sensor is part of the intake system in Kia Sedona responsible for measuring the amount of air entering the engine. Help. While the specific maintenance requirements may vary depending on your vehicle’s make and As air flows over the wire, it cools it down, and the MAF sensor detects this change in temperature to calculate the mass flow rate of air entering the engine. To ensure your MAF sensor operates efficiently, regular maintenance is essential. MASS AIR FLOW SENSOR TEST Scanner Used in the video: https://amzn. 756811619 0. With the on-going debate of Stock air box vs After market CAI's, should not those two measurements prove which and who's setup is flowing the most/Best air????? Attachments. Jump to Latest 34K views 18 replies 11 participants last post by 95classiclwb Jul 7, 2018. 92g/s. Voltage [V]: 12; Number of pins: 4; Housing Type: without housing; Condition: New; Show OEM numbers. maf flow rate lb per min maf Frequency| measured afr bank measured afr bank 2 rpm short term fuel trim bank 1 short term fuel trim bank 2 spark advance spark advance v2 throttle angle Actual 41 -1 86. WARNING: Air Flow Rate from Mass Air Flow Sensor(g/s)30. Media. 5 82 As noted earlier, the normal MAF readings at idle will vary based on the car’s make and model. The diagnosing faulty MAF – Fuel trims, Throttle position, RPM & Mass air flow rate RPM & Mass air flow rate So to shorten this up, read the codes. You can't describe this accurately in the torque tables. 5 grams per second. Get Best Price. Volvo XC90 – (emirhankaramuk / Shutterstock) MAF sensor is there to WEIGH the air, "mass" air flow, mass = weight And the MAF sensor only measures a certain % of the air passing by it, 10 to 15%, computer is preset to know that value of the factory MAF sensor So if you change the % by modifying the opening you will usually not get more power you will get lean codes Computer already "knows" its running a 3 If so, there is something going on with the MAF. Air Fuel Flow Rate = MAF x Target Air/Fuel Ratio. 07 g/s so was your RPM about 833 or idle? A mass air flow sensor can become inaccurate after large amounts of air (high mileage) has passed over the hot wire and must be cleaned before normal operation will return This instructables shows how to build an air flow rate sensor using a low cost differential pressure sensor and readily available materials. Article №: 30403. This i The first MAF sensors were vane air flow sensors where a mechanical door was pushed open by the air flow entering the engine. J. HOW TO KNOW IF MAF SENSOR IS BAD. Consider this to be Description. 20% VAT, excl. The most common type of mass air flow (MAF) sensor is located inside the intake air duct between the air filter and the throttle body. Smaller engines (from my experience, below 2. BREMI Mass air flow sensor 30403 without housing. There is no change in pressure, temperature, specific humidity, or trace gas mass fraction across the sensor. Save Share Reply Quote Like. , 14. The website owner is Partex Global GmbH, Meeraner I'm logging VE air, MAF air, and Dynamic air (all in lb/hr). What's new. Then, the following values for MAF should be given: Idle: 9-12 kg/h = 2. Increased load may cause higher grams per The mass air flow sensor or MAF sensor is part of the intake system in Honda Ridgeline responsible for measuring the amount of air entering the engine. for mine air flow rate at idle is 3. Figure 7 shows the power dissipated versus mass flow rate of air for ambient temperatures between 46 and 140 °F, whereas Fig. Forums. Its either vacuum leak, maf, O2 sensors or fuel supply. New media New comments Search media. to/2DTTDuJEngine light is often triggered by bad or dirt The mass air flow sensor or MAF sensor is part of the intake system in Volvo XC90 responsible for measuring the amount of air entering the engine. There is a map in the ECU (MAF scaling in KTuner / Hondata) that calculates the actual flow rate (in g/s) so the MAF flow rate is a calculated value. 73933512 7180. A/F can range from 6 to 22. TE mass air flow (MAF) sensors feature a hot film anemometer component and provide accurate and reliable readings and fast responses needed for automotive, medical, and industrial gas flow applications. The MAF sensor analyses the amount of air that enters the engine and transfers retrieved data to the powertrain control module (PCM), which uses this data to regulate the fuel injection rate. 5-3. Because the flow rates are Through variables, the block must connect in series with the component MAF sensor in a 2006-2015 automotive diesel engine. I've got a question about these Funadmentally speaking, if you've got your VE table dialed in perfectly, and your MAF dialed in perfectly. That post also has information on how to test the sensor itself, so if it's not the sensor, it might be a leak in the intake manifold or air This website I found has info on several different MAF's and they all output a 0-5 volt signal for measuring the flow rate. The air mass information is necessary for the engine control unit (ECU) to balance The Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor is crucial for optimizing a vehicle's engine performance by accurately measuring the amount of air entering the engine. N. jfoj. should all 3 of these be reading exactly the same? (AFR) * (inj PW B1 + inj PW B2/2) * injector flow rate * intake air temp/ MAP Last edited by JBZ; 08-30-2016 at 03:13 . The time period varies from 130 microseconds With applied flow the heat dissipation increases steadily with the air flow rate. 5 at full The mass air flow (MAF) sensor, part of your vehicle’s electronic fuel injection system, determines the mass flowrate of air entering the engine. The MAF sensor measures the incoming air, allowing the engine control unit (ECU) to adjust the fuel-to-air ratio. At the same boost level, the MAF voltage will vary depending on external temperatures, and so will the flow rate. 0 (Sold) Save Share Standard® offers 100% NEW, never remanufactured MAF sensors that provide the most accurate readings and precise airflow output. Since we're seeing more and more MAF issues on this forum too I thought I would post this. IndiaMART > Sensors & Transducers > Flow Sensors > Air Flow Sensors. Theoretically, the MAP sensor solely detects the air pressure in the intake manifold, whereas the MAF sensor gauges the overall quantity of air entering the engine. 33 g/s 2000 RPM: 21-27 kg/h = 5. The MAF sensor then sends this information to the engine computer (PCM). Those specifications can be found in manufacturer’s PID value charts under “Scan Tool Testing and Procedures” in ALLDATA. Introduction: Measurement of actual air flow rate in a burner setup would be useful in understanding air fuel mixture in one's own setup and would be a useful factor for comparison of burner designs among users. 02 to 3. Codes are either 1210 MAF flow too high or 120C MAF signal too high. With NA based TB tables, the effective area surges ahead of what the tables predict, as the bypass shuts. 83-7. Skip to the content. Check the 5V reference and ground, and if OK, then clean the With a lab scope an air flow sensor is measured under the following conditions: key on, cranking, idle, 2000 RPM, 3000 RPM and back to idle with an engine at operating temperature. This DTC will be set if The Mass Air Flow (MAF) sensor provides critical data to the ECM for calculating cylinder air charge and engine load. A Stage 2+ K03 should run at around 270-280bhp so putting that into MAF g/s flow rates should be around 220g/s Calibrating your MAF (Mass Air Flow) sensor is an essential process for your vehicle’s engine to function properly. Ageing sensors can give false A Mass Air Flow sensor (MAF) is one of the key components of an electronic fuel injection system in your car. In combination with other sensor data inputs, the ECM determines a load factor, which is then it with a specific air flow rate, usually in grams per second. The Flow Rate Sensor (MA) block represents an ideal sensor that measures mass flow rate, energy flow rate, and volumetric flow rate in a moist air network. 36 posts · Joined 2010 Add to quote; Only show this user #1 · Jun 22, 2011. IndiaMART. One very crucial point to the success of mass air flow systems is ensuring that the measured output from the MAF sensor accurately reflects the real time flow data of the engine and intake Sure the MAF meters all the air, but as the bypass closes, the air consumption rate changes drastically. Units used are usually kilogram per second (kg/s). Humidity Control: The MAF Sensor has a platinum cord passing 132 13 Mass Air Flow sensor out of calibration 132 14 MAF sensor calibration failed TROUBLESHOOTING •Faulty sensor (IMT, IMP or MAF) •Large intake air system leak/exhaust leak (Large CAC leak, stuck open EGRV) •Plugged air filter. For example, a 5. I have checked for vacuum and boost leaks and believe everything is tight, confirmed by multiple Can some of you M3 guys with OBDII scan tools, when you get a chance, post some of your MAF Air Flow rates at Idle? I want to compare to mine. So, what is the normal mass air flow rate at idle? The PID value of the MAF should read See more The Mass Air Flow (MAF) sensor, as the name implies, is a device primarily used to measure the mass flow rate of air entering your vehicle’s engine. 25 0. After a reset air mass correction factor climbs from 1 to 1. This engine is idling at 1,000 rpm, and the MAF data is showing 12. Some OBD systems require This is the first of what will likely be several posts concerning my attempts to use a MAF Sensor to read air flow rate in my furnace. I believe the one I have outputs a sine wave, when i put it in one of the DAQs that's what it shows . Bottom line the PCM uses the MAF to determine the injector pulse width (how long to squirt fuel). What this means is that air which has already passed through the MAF sensor and has been measured gets measured for a second time as it exits the MAF. New posts Search forums. To select the CTA option, install jumpers on both the “CTA” connector (J2) and across pins 1 and 2 (CTA positionon the left) on What is Air Flow Rate measured in and what is an "ideal" flow rate? Forums. 1 ; Page 2 ; 3 ; By: Abraham Torres-Arredondo; Created: 20 July 2009; Updated: 24 March 2024; Articl Id: 425; Arguably among the simplest yet most important ones is the mass air flow or ‘MAF’ sensors. it should be up to 4g/s. Ensure MAF Configuration in ServiceMaxx matches ISIS Component information: 2. The signal from the sensor is shown and can be I've been doing some logging lately and have been noticing my MAF flow rates dropping over time. 3 g/s at 500 RPM. if you are looking at serious power upgrades such as The Mass Air Flow (MAF) sensor is a key component of the engine’s fueling strategy. That is what I’m seeing most of the time, 12-13 Kg/h. datalogView2. Location . For example, air flow mass is a necessary parameter in engine operation in order to determine for high flow rates. It does this as a function of ETC * vs rpm (ETC vacuum essentially). Based on this data, the PCM adjusts the air/fuel ratio for optimum combustion. A rule of thumb for MAF’s air flow rate at 500 RPM is 1 g/s per liter of engine displacement. By means of the required heating current, the electronics are able to calculate the air mass. 15 after just a few minutes of idling. Delhi For fun and good comparison reasons those who datalog their cars please post your maf flow rate lb per min rate along with your modifications please: My Results Stock intake, stock filter, stock tube, Velossa: 42lb@6400rpm Stock intake with panel filter & air raid MIT, Velossa Big Mouth, stock RHD headers: 42. Namaskar Dosto aj hum is video me bat karenge mass air flow sensor ke bare mai!!mass air flow sensor normally engine management system kamain part hai !norma Mass Air Flow Sensor (MAF) Trouble. Near Me . Engine Load: MAF readings are influenced by factors affecting engine load, such as the open throttle or electronic accessories usage. With applied flow the heat dissipation increases steadily with the flow rate. A rule of thumb on a MAF's air flow rate at 500 rpm is 1 gram per second per liter of engine displacement. The MAF sensor is a digital sensor that provides an output signal of varying frequency. The VCM monitors the MAF sensor air flow rate and compares this signal to a VCM calculated air flow rate. It is an essential component for the engine's performance, fuel economy, and emission control. ATF is typically measured using a mass air flow (MAF) sensor, which calculates the amount of air entering the engine in real-time. The volumetric flow rate can be defined as the volume of a given fluid that passes through a given cross-sectional area per unit of time. MAF measures air mass going into the engine, so the faster the engine runs, the higher the MAF reading will be. 5 KB Views: 521. This engine uses the MAF sensor to measure air flow rate. Perfect AFR s/b 14. The voltage produced at the signal wire would be enough to point to a failed MAF. Perhaps Ill post this in - So for the 1. the MAF sensor reading is an accurate representation of the actual air flow. A MAF sensor works dynamically, so the question becomes: Is the MAF accurate throughout the engine’s rpm range? If it is not linear, various The MAF sensor also helps the ECU adjust the fuel injection timing and ignition timing based on the air flow rate. I believe theyre reported in lb/min. Hot Wire MAF Sensor Benefits: The Hot Wire (MAF Sensor) is less sensitive to location and orientation and it senses faster changes in air flow rate. It’s one of the critical components in your engine’s management system that is What is a Normal Mass Air Flow Sensor Reading? The reading considered normal for the mass air flow sensor should be between 2 to 7 grams/sec and 15 to 25 grams at 2500rpm. 1. The MAF sensor’s Parameter Identification Data (PID) may be read by connecting a scan tool. When we talk about flow rate, you most likely picture the concept of volumetric flow rate (also known as rate of liquid flow, volume flow rate or volume velocity). The MAF sensor also helps the ECU adjust the fuel injection timing and ignition timing based on the air flow rate. Includes 53 different calculations. 15 F22 M235i, JB4 Stage II, Cat delete, CAI 12 GT Prem 5. The way the sensor measures this air flow is usually done by routing the air flow across one or more hot The Mass Air Flow (MAF) sensor, as the name implies, is a device primarily used to measure the mass flow rate of air entering your vehicle’s engine. Sell. A mass (air) flow sensor (MAF) is a sensor used to determine the mass flow rate of air entering a fuel-injected internal combustion engine. A. The most common signs of bad mass air flow sensor (MAF) in Mercedes-Benz CLS are loss of power or slow acceleration, engine hesitation or jerking during acceleration, erratic idling, misfires, poor exhaust emission values and MAF Sensor Testing specifications for air flow at idle; some will provide specifications at several engine speeds. Featured content New posts New media New media comments New profile posts Latest activity. Members. The sensing element can be operated at Constant Power and Online calculator to quickly determine Air Flow Rate through Piping. In automotive applications, air density varies wi Vane Type Mass Air Flow Sensor (MAF) This type of MAF is used to monitor and measure the amount of air flowing via a vehicle’s engine air intake by placing a vane in the air stream. What factors affect Fuel Flow (FF)? Yes, EMAF increases with engine speed as more air is drawn into the engine to support higher combustion rates. MAF Configuration Checks. 7 or 0. Equations displayed for easy reference. Then i planned to use pid 0110 which is for mass air flow (MAF). When both of these sensors register a measurement, the vehicle’s computer takes that data and utilizes it to calculate the ideal air-fuel ratio to feed the engine. After a reset, long term fuel trims eventually go high and throw codes after 10-20 miles of driving. Also known as the plug-in hot wire type, it consists of a heating resistor, an intake air temperature measurement resistor, an intake air temperature sensor and a control circuit. sgpszut ksdcd mzzfy nvfdebj agbzl zzce apxd dmdy zfajfia ffk